Is Cancer Genetic? How Genetic Counseling Helps You Understand Your Risk

Even if you've heard of genetic testing or have used an at-home genetics kit, when it comes to cancer genetics, there is a lot of information that evades the average person. That’s where genetic counselors can help. They are trained to help guide you through this complex and sometimes confusing process.

Malavika Praseed McGrail, MS, a certified genetic counselor with Franciscan Health Munster, said, “You can come to us with any genetics questions. We’ll make sure to point you toward answers.”

If you think cancer runs in your family or you’re considering genetic testing, counseling helps you understand your risks, options and, importantly, next steps.

At Franciscan Health, McGrail and the team work to explain the process with care, patience and clarity.

“We meet with each patient to review family and medical history,” McGrail said. “We explain the details of testing, possible results and what follow-up might look like specifically for you.”

What Does Genetic Testing For Cancer Show?

One of the first things McGrail discusses is how genetic testing can impact your recommended screenings or change your care plan.

“Many patients learn they need different screening schedules,” she said. “Your results help guide what your doctor recommends.”

Challenges exist, too. Insurance. Uncertain results. Sharing results with family.

“We walk you through those concerns,” McGrail said.

So, what exactly does cancer genetic testing tell you?

“It gives us information about your predisposition. This means it can tell us if you face a higher risk for some cancers.” McGrail said. “It won’t tell us if you have cancer now or predict outcomes. It helps us understand your risk level and how to lower it.”

What If Cancer Runs In Your Family?

A family history of cancer can raise concerns, but McGrail said most cancers aren’t inherited.

“Even when both parents had cancer, most people test negative because only about 5 to 10 percent of cancers are hereditary,” McGrail said. “But, certain patterns matter. For example, if several relatives on the same side of the family have had the same type of cancer — or related cancers like breast and ovarian cancer — it may suggest an inherited risk.”

A close look at your family cancer history can reveal important clues that help guide your care plan and next steps.

McGrail said your relatives’ genetic test results can help shape your care.

“We start by focusing on known mutations in the family,” she said.

Genetic counselors help make sense of your family history. Even if you don’t know every detail.

“You don’t need to know everything — we can help sort out what matters and what doesn’t,” McGrail said.

What Happens After You Get Your Genetic Test Results?

Your journey doesn’t end when the genetic test results come back.

“We explain your results, help update your care plan and tell you who else in your family might benefit from testing,” McGrail said. “We are also available to answer any new questions that come up in the future.”

Depending on the results, you might:

• Start earlier or more frequent cancer screenings, such as mammograms, colonoscopies or other imaging tests.
• Talk with your doctor about preventive options, like medications to lower risk or even preventive surgery.
• Make lifestyle adjustments, like diet or exercise changes, to reduce your risk.

Are There Any Downsides To Genetic Testing?

Genetic testing has upsides and downsides.

“It can be scary for many reasons,” McGrail said. “People might worry about life insurance or sharing results with family members. We address these concerns in detail during counseling.”

Talking with a counselor isn’t a commitment to testing.

“Meeting with a genetic counselor is just a way to explore your options,” McGrail said. “You’re never locked into testing. You are in control.”

Is Genetic Counseling Right For You?

You should consider genetic counseling if you have:

• Several family members with the same or related cancers
• A personal or family history of cancers diagnosed at a young age (under 50)
• A family history of rare cancers (like ovarian, pancreatic or male breast cancer)
• Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry with a history of breast or ovarian cancer
• A personal history of multiple cancers

Where Can You Find Genetic Counseling?

Franciscan Health offers genetic counseling at many convenient locations. We provide in-person and virtual appointments in Munster, Indianapolis, Michigan City, Crown Point, Lafayette and more. 

If you have questions about your cancer risk or your family history, genetic counseling can provide clarity and guidance. Franciscan Health’s expert team is here to help you make informed choices for yourself and your loved ones. Schedule an appointment to get started.