Caring For Someone With Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease affects more than 6 million Americans and is a leading cause of dementia in adults 65 and older. As memory loss and behavior changes progress, caregiving becomes both emotionally and physically demanding. Thankfully, you don’t have to go it alone.

Nicole Langley, MSW, a social worker with Franciscan Health Senior Health & Wellness PACE (Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly), brings hands-on experience to families that navigate daily challenges.

“Caring for someone with Alzheimer’s brings both rewards and challenges,” Langley said. “While memory loss and behavior changes can feel overwhelming, many families discover new ways to connect, adapt and find daily moments of strength.”

We’ve organized her insights into five essential areas of caregiving for a loved one with Alzheimer's.

1. Create A Calm Routine

Alzheimer’s often leads to confusion, disorientation and anxiety, especially when the day lacks structure. And although it helps to maintain a routine when you can, it is also important to keep in mind that routines need some flexibility when the person with dementia doesn’t accept a task.

“For example, if a shower or shave is typical after breakfast and it creates distress, then it is okay to skip that task for the moment and try again later,” Langley said. “A predictable routine can help ease uncertainty and reduce agitation, but it’s also important to be flexible.”

Simple schedules help loved ones know what to expect. And familiar music or gentle reminders can help ease transitions between tasks.

“We recommend a visual schedule and a memory board with large print. Display pictures or icons to show what’s next,” Langley said. “A walk after breakfast, a favorite show after lunch, a snack before dinner. These routines can create a sense of safety.”

2. Simplify The Environment For Safety

As Alzheimer’s progresses, it can affect judgment, coordination and spatial awareness. Make small changes around the home to help prevent falls, wandering and confusion.

“You can clear clutter, label rooms and add grab bars. Little things can make a huge difference,” Langley said. “Even nightlights in the hallway can help someone stay oriented and avoid injury.”

Other helpful changes:

• Disguise any exit doors with a tapestry so the knob is not visible.

• Don’t leave visual cues such as keys, coats or purses near the doorway; place them in a closet.

• Keep walkways clear of cords and furniture.

• Post simple reminders near doors (“Stop, Ask for help”).

• Remove rugs that slip or bunch.

• Use childproof locks on medicine cabinets and cleaning supplies.

3. Speak Simply And Kindly

Alzheimer’s may make it hard for your loved one to follow conversations or express their needs clearly. Try to keep your language short and direct and avoid questions that require detailed answers.

“If someone asks the same question again and again, that’s not them trying to frustrate you—they may just want to stay connected,” Langley said. “It helps to stay patient and focus on the feelings behind the question.”

Instead of saying “Don’t you remember?”, try:

• “Yes, we already had breakfast, it was eggs!”

• “Let’s look at the calendar together.”

• “It’s okay, I’m here with you.”

• Redirect with a simple question such as, “What is your favorite breakfast food?”

4. Watch For Behavior Changes

As the disease advances, some people may become more anxious, agitated or withdrawn. You might notice pacing, restlessness or mood swings in the late afternoon, known as “sundowning.”

“When someone seems overwhelmed, look for ways to redirect,” Langley said. “Play familiar music, offer a soft blanket or go outside for a few minutes. These small tools can soothe without needing medication.”

Behaviors are a way to communicate a need.

“Try to identify the need, such as being too hot or cold, in pain, being hungry or thirsty or having a bathroom need,” she said.

If behavioral symptoms continue, talk to your care team. Medications or adjustments to daily structure may help reduce distress.

5. Take Care Of Yourself, Too

Caregiving can be exhausting, and many people struggle to ask for help. But breaks and support systems aren’t optional — they’re necessary.

“I remind caregivers: Take things one day at a time, and if that becomes too much, take it one moment at a time,” Langley said. “Even five minutes to take a breath, talk to a friend or listen to a favorite song is a good way to take a short break. Remember, you matter, too.” If possible, you can ask family or friends to step in so you can rest. Local adult day programs, home care assistance and the PACE program team members can also help lighten the load.

When To Reach Out For Help

If your loved one’s safety, mobility or medical needs become too difficult to manage alone, it may be time to expand your support system.

“Sometimes families feel guilty if they need outside help,” Langley said. “But bringing in support is an act of love, not failure. It helps everyone stay safe and supported.”

Our PACE team works with families to build personalized care plans, whether you need in-home support, respite care or help exploring long-term memory care options.

Franciscan Health offers four PACE locations in Indiana: Dyer, Michigan City, Lafayette and Indianapolis. The PACE program caters to people 55 and older who require a level of care equal to that of nursing facility care. The goal is to keep older adults safe in their homes and living independently.

Alzheimer’s care is a journey. With routines, support and the right tools, caregivers can help loved ones live with dignity and find moments of connection along the way.

Request a Franciscan Health PACE evaluation for your loved one.